Sophocles Oedipus Essay - 1370 Words

Sophocles Oedipus You can Run, but you can’t Hide Sixteenth century play writers often focused on the tragic irony of fate. One such play-writer is Sophacles. In one of his later plays, â€Å"Oedipus†, he writes the tragic story of a man who can’t avoid his pre-destined fate, and that some things just can’t be changed by the people in your life no matter how hard they try. Oedipus, the main character of this tragedy, he is a protagonist ruled by conflict and fate. This is evident in the characters traits and motivations, interactions with others, and the characters language and what others say about him. Destined to kill his father and marry his own mother Oedipus is cursed. When people find out about the curse, Laius, the king of†¦show more content†¦He takes pride in his lifestyle and feels as though it is all his own works. He demonstrates time and time again his undoubtedly remarkable ability to rule the kingdom. Oedipus was always ready to handle the tragedies of his people. Weather it was his inhe rited gift, or adapted wit, Oedipus was always ready to handle any trials his people faced. He was especially arrogant because he felt he has escaped his predestined fate. â€Å"Similarly, fifth century Athenians struggled over many religious issues. As humanism grew in Athens, many citizens, particularly those in leadership positions, saw themselves as increasingly independent of the gods. They questioned whether their lives were results of fate or free will.† He naively believed he had outsmarted Apollo’s curse by running away. This of course added to his ego. Throughout most of the play, Oedipus was happier pretending he was an accomplished man with a successful marriage and picture perfect lifestyle. He chooses to block out inconvenient facts about his past throughout his adulthood. Oedipus is motivated in the beginning of the play by his determination to break the curse of Apollo. He flees his town in hopes of dodging his given fate. This is the first instance in where readers are able to see his over confident ways. Although the curse of murdering your own father and marrying your mother is horrific, only Oedipus would dare to challenge the gods. His motivations as king were to uphold his feelings of superiorityShow MoreRelatedSophocles Oedipus The King1714 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"ideal tragedy† is the play â€Å"Oedipus the King† written by Sophocles. In this play, Sophocles utilizes the concept of tragedy as well the theory of the importance of scenes of recognition and reversal to create a setting, tone, and mood throughout the play. Oedipus, the mythical king of Thebes, goes through a horrendous tragedy which includes moments of recognition and reversal. These moments are key to the fame and appreciation for the play, â€Å"Oedipus the King†. Sophocles’ use of Aristotle’s conceptsRead MoreSophocles Oedipus The King992 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout tragedies in Greek literature, the hero always has one tragic flaw. In Sophocles’ Oedipus the King, Oedipus’ main flaw is his overactive hubris, which in turn clouds his overall judgment. This is evident in the Chorus’ first ode to the city of Thebes as they try to ask the Gods for the banishment of the plague. Their answer does not come from a deity, but from Oedipus himself as he enters the palace and says, â€Å"You have prayed; and you prayers shall be answered with help and release ifRead MoreSophocles Oedipus The King2037 Words   |  9 PagesSophocles’s Oedipus the King features a chorus that sings several odes over the course of the play. In Sophocles’s play, the chorus is composed of old Theban men and represents the population of Thebes as a whole. The chorus recites a parodos, four stasima, and a br ief exodus. Through the choral odes, Sophocles reflects on the events and motifs of the play, including piety and faith in the Gods, the inevitability and the uncertainty of fate, and the dichotomy of right and wrong. After Sophocles establishesRead MoreOedipus the King by Sophocles614 Words   |  2 Pagesâ€Å"Oedipus the King† is a tragic Athenian play written and produced around 425 B.C. by Sophocles; a tragic dramatist, priest, and one of the three great ancient Greek writers whose excellent work has survived the centuries. The play takes place in mythical ancient Greece in a city called Thebes. It’s about a prophecy foretelling the murder of king Laius by his own son, Oedipus (protagonist), and the incestuous marriage between mother (Jocasta) and son (oedipus). The discovery of the truth broughtRead MoreOedipus The King By Sophocles1509 Words   |  7 Pagesman highly esteemed and prosperous who falls into misfortune because of a tragic flaw in the morality of the character: examples, Oedipus and Thyestes (Dodds, 1966, p. 38).† Aristotle’s definition of a tragic hero has lasted the strains of time, because during Aristotle time he was rarely questioned on hi s teachings or practices. The play Oedipus the King by Sophocles changed the way tragic plays where viewed in early Greek times, this allows readers to identify with Oedipus’s moral flaw which createsRead MoreSophocles Oedipus The King884 Words   |  4 PagesKing of Thebes, owner of a family tree that identically resembles Medusa on a bad hair day, and the inspiration for a psychologically-riveting complex, Oedipus, tragic hero of Sophocles’ Oedipus the King, exposes troubling truths about the human condition and, acting as an exemplary precaution for the entirety of humanity, demonstrates how a self-destructive struggle between love, anger, and fate, conveyed through an unorthodox love affair between mother and son (Who gets custody in a divorce?),Read MoreOedipus Rex, Sophocles1252 Words   |  6 PagesOedipus the ideal Tragic Hero Kelli Richards Liberty University Abstract In the play Oedipus Rex, Sophocles portrays Oedipus who is also the main character, as a good- natured, beautiful, noble yet narcissistic person who has a lapse of judgment and fall from power. Throughout the play Oedipus makes a few profound decisions for which he is condemned to plentiful suffering;Read MoreOedipus The King By Sophocles904 Words   |  4 Pages In Sophocles play â€Å"Oedipus the King† a deadly plague has descended upon the kingdom of Thebes, and because of this plague a dark and iniquitous secret begins to unravel itself only to reveal a web of events connecting Oedipus and others as the culprits behind all the havoc ensued. No one is the sole source responsible for the unfortunate events that befall Thebes, as well as the royal family; In fact, those who unknowingly paved the path of destruction were themselves trying to prevent it fromRead MoreOedipus The King, By Sophocles1407 Words   |  6 PagesWhen we think about a tragic play or protagonist, most people would think Shakespeare for his common theme of his plays to end with a tragedy. In Oedipus the King, written by Sophocles, tells the tale of the protagonist Oedipus. Throughout the play, Oedipus searched for his past to discover the reason why his kingdom is plagued with wilting crops and illnesses. In the end, he becomes a tragic protagonist after discove ring his past was related to the previous king’s death. While the search progressedRead MoreOedipus the King by Sophocles1393 Words   |  6 Pages Sophocles’ play, Oedipus the King, has risen many questions concerning the main character and whether or not he acts on free will or if his future is predestined by the gods. I am going to test the theory that although Oedipus believes he is acting on his own free will, he is in fact a victim of the gods. I will analyze several different sources that discuss fate and human agency in Oedipus the King and then proceed to build my original argument on the archaic debate. There has been a great deal

How Social Class Can Change The Way People Handle Punishments

In the year 1975 in Albuquerque, New Mexico, Bill Gates was arrested for driving over the speed limit and for driving without a driver s license in his Porsche 911 (Montaldo 2015: 1). It is rumored that Gates later paid his bail with cash from his wallet. It seems that Bill Gates didn’t care that he got pulled over. In January of 2014 Justin Bieber was arrested for driving under the influence and for resisting arrest. Bieber reportedly donated fifty thousand dollars to a youth charity to help as part of a plea deal. Later the drunken driving charges were dropped and Justin went on living his normal life as if nothing had ever happened (Duke 2014: 1). These stories portray how social class can change the way people handle punishments. In this paper, I will review literature found on the topic, view the issue through a sociological perspective, and then present the main argument. Higher class individuals engaged in greater unethical behavior (Dubois, Galinsky, Rucker 2015: 437) There has been a lot of research on this topic. I found multiple sources that helped me better understand the question at hand. In the article â€Å"Social Class, Power, and Selfishness: When and Why Upper and Lower Class Individuals Behave Unethically† written by David Dubois, Adam D. Galinsky, and Derek D. Rucker, I found that the upper class seem more prone to engage in â€Å"unethical, deviant behavior†. There are a multiple of reasons why. Selfishness among those higher in social class increasesShow MoreRelatedThe Legal System Of School1438 Words   |  6 PagesAmerica. These changes include changes in family style and child care, the English Poor Laws, the apprenticeship movement, and the role of the chancery court. (Siegel and Welsh) Changes in family structure made a huge difference with children’s rights. Marriage became based on love and mutual attraction which changed the concepts of marriage. The change in family structure influenced the way children were being treated. Children started to go to school, and become educated. The punishment systems ofRead MoreQuestions On Legal Mobilization And Oral And Anal1455 Words   |  6 Pagesthere were sodomy laws and Bowers v. Hardwick was a case that changed the way we talk about things of this nature. 2. Social closure is when there are boundaries created in order to define who is allowed in a profession. This is important to our class discussion because it helps show why there is differences in who is in the profession. This means that women, minorities, and blacks are all given boundaries of how they can enter the law profession. 3. Legal mobilization means that different advocacyRead MoreThe Issue Of The United States Charter Of Rights And Freedoms1648 Words   |  7 Pagesexecutive levels has been greatly debated amongst policy makers, law enforcers and law abiders in the criminal justice system (CJS). In order to address this issue more thoroughly, and to understand slavery, one must take into account the complex social and cultural realities that do exist (Tierney, 2007). In essence, literature, studies and cases in the past years have surfaced and set precedent into the spotlight of this debate. The actions focusing on racism is where the core originates. InRead MoreChildren With Learning And Developmental Disorders1410 Words   |  6 PagesIgnacio Estrada once said, â€Å"If a child can’t learn the way we teach, may we should teach the way we learn† (Waters 2015). It is crucial for teachers to shape their methods based on how their students learn best. In society today, we make rash assumptions that shape how a student is able to learn for the rest of their lives. For example, we diagnose children with learning and developmental disorders so early that they struggle to overcome their natural tendencies. Instead of continuing to make theseRead MorePhilip Zimbardo s Father Of The Stanford Prison Experiment1168 Words   |  5 Pagesone-on-one social power. Zimbardo’s experiment was focused on institutional power over the individual in groups due to the change of the environment. Zimbardo has written many books about social psychology, which is the study of human behaviors and the social situation. I learned about Zimbardo in my Psychology 100 class. He was born on March 23, 1933, and is still alive to this day. His studies and experiments are what influenced me to go into the field of psychology. Zimbardo is a crucial social psychologistRead MoreCommunity Corrections Is Vital For The Safety Of The Community1733 Words   |  7 Pagessubstantial component of the correctional service system (White and Perrone, 2010). The movement towards community corrections advocates the decarceration of the prisoners and mental health patients and its was influenced by the reconceptualization of social control with the increasing development of community care and control. The main focus is to find a solution to minimise short-term imprisonment and whether alternate corrections have become a success. Cohen (1985) discusses the issue with deviancyRead MoreWuthering Heights by Emily Bronte1290 Words   |  5 PagesRevenge can be defined as â€Å"to avenge (as oneself) usually by retaliating in kind or degree† (â€Å"revenge†) however to Heathcliff it meant more than just to avenge himself he wanted to have everything he felt he rightfully deserved and more. Social class and revenge, are primary themes in the novel Wuthering Heights. Social class plays a considerable part in the lives and loves of the charters in the novel. Revenge is key element in the book, this twisted theme creates the whole plot line. â€Å"ChildrenRead MoreMy Philosophy Of Education Is It Should Be About The Individual928 Words   |  4 PagesMy philosophy of Education is that it should be about the individual. In most of my experiences it has become just doing the same thing for each person, mostly book work, I think learning should be based on the best way a child can learn based on interests. If they become interested in learning they are more able to remember the lessons, whether that be done by using more hands on work or experiments. I believe the role of the teacher is to be an encourager or a mentor. The role of the teacherRead MoreAlice s Adventures, The Bfg, And The Invention Of Hugo Cabret Essay1414 Words   |  6 Pagesthe reader understand that growing up with different backgrounds affects how the character handles their obstacles, determining right from wrong, and judgement of impractical and practical situations. In the novels, Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland and the BFG, each character is lured into a world that could be parallel to reality; this is a fantasy world that puts many challenges to their decisions, however it is the way to prepare them to see life clearly. The main characters, Alice and SophieRead MoreChin Background, Current Situation And Development1285 Words   |  6 Pagesyears of the reform and opening-up 30 years after 1978, China continues to recover, discover, develop and reform the Chinese education. The majority of people believe the Chinese education has many problems which need to change and learn the other countries’ education systems. However, it needs time to adjust the Chinese situation and find a suitable way to reform Chinese education because Chinese history and population are different with other countries. Therefore, it cannot totally deny this education

American and French Revolution free essay sample

The American and French Revolutions are two of the greatest revolutions that occurred in the mid 1700’s through the late 1700’s. The American Revolution was a huge turning point in American history, and the French Revolution was one of the most important events in the history of the world. The American Revolution started in 1775 and ended in 1783. The French revolution started 1789 and ended 1799. The American Revolution and the French Revolution were both caused by unfair taxation and by the Enlightenment ideas, but the American Revolution only wanted a small change in society and unlike the French revolution they wanted their whole society to change. The American and French Revolution were both caused by unfair taxation. The American Revolution began when Britain’s king sent colonists over to the new world to colonize in the first 13 original colonies (â€Å"American Revolution† Int). We will write a custom essay sample on American and French Revolution or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page By Britain putting taxes on stamps, tea, sugar, and newspapers began the rebellion of Americans against the British people (â€Å"American Revolution† Int). In 1765, the British Parliament made the Stamp Act, which imposed taxes on a wide variety of printed materials (â€Å"American Revolution† Int). The American colonists were outraged over the new tax law, and their protests led to the Stamp Act riots. This was one of the things that the American and French Revolution both had in common. Colonials thought the English could not control colonies far away. People like John Hancock didn’t want to pay taxes on his goods being brought into the docks or sent to England (â€Å"American Revolution† Int). The Boston Tea Party in 1773 was the first significant event, but there were also other important and devastating events such as the Townshend Act in 1768 and Boston Massacre in 1770 (â€Å"American Revolution† Int). The American and French Revolution were both caused by Enlightenment ideas. Enlightenment ideas applied reason to the human world, not just the natural world. The French Revolution was a major European historical turning point that transformed France from a monarchy to a republic. A similarity between the two revolutions were that the development of Enlightenment thought led to increasing criticism of absolute monarchy and an interest in republican ideals. In the French Revolution, Enlightenment ideas attacked the power of the king and the church (â€Å"French Revolution† Int). There was literature by Voltaire, John Locke, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau critiqued the monarchy and the Catholic Church and examined democratic forms of government (â€Å"French Revolution† Int). Enlightenment writings even played a role in the American Revolution in 1776. Many of the revolutionary leaders had studied major writings of the Enlightenment such as Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and the Baron de Montesquieu. The founders gather the concepts of the limited government, the consent of the governed, and separation of powers (â€Å"Causes of the American Revolution† Int). The King wanted a small change in the government in the American Revolution unlike in the French Revolution, them wanting their whole society to change. The colonies in the American Revolution had always been ruled by British nobility (â€Å"Effects of the Revolutionary† Int). The newly formed U. S. would need to set up a new national government (â€Å"Effects of the Revolutionary War). The citizens of the new country didn’t want the national government to be so large and powerful that it became like the English Parliament with a ruling king and they didn’t want a government that would have high taxes like England had done before the revolution (â€Å"Effects of the Revolutionary War† Int). France’s middle class were unsatisfied with having no say in government; the leaders of the revolution were mainly educated professional men; rich, mostly lawyers and doctors. They wanted a more liberal constitutional form of government like the English had. The economy was really bad due to the main fact of the amount of money spent on wars which eventually made taxes increase; the peasants were not happy about this. Members of the Third Estate started demanding changes in government. They wanted men In the Third Estate who held property to have the same rights as opposed to the men in the First and Second Estate and they also wanted the power of the clergy reduced. Due to the popular opinions and fear of revolution, the King made changes to allow the Third Estate greater power. By the Treaty of Paris being signed in Paris, France on September 3, 1783 ended the American Revolutionary War, and gave the colonies their independence from Great Britain. The 13 states were now free to join and become the United States. They could now form their own government and make their own laws. The American Revolution and the French Revolution were both caused by unfair taxation and by the Enlightenment ideas, but the American Revolution only wanted a small change in society and unlike the French revolution they wanted their whole society to change.

Urbanization in third world countries Essay Example For Students

Urbanization in third world countries Essay Urbanization and its effect on third world living conditionsUrbanization is the spreading of cities into less populated agricultural areas. Most people would not think that this is necessarily a problem. They would say that it is good that the developing countries were becoming more developed. With urbanization comes factories and more jobs, so the people can make more money and be happier. Right? The problem is that these people must sacrifice their traditional lifestyles, for this new Urbanism(the way of life, attitudes, values, and patterns of behavior fostered by urban settings Knox 234). A lot of these people dont choose this lifestyle- they are forced into it. Because there is a growing demand for natural resources in the core countries, the semi periphery and periphery countries (where many of the resources are) get exploited. The civilized world enters the other countries, buys land from the government and then forces the people who are on that land off of it. These people th en move to the cities because they have nowhere else to go. Once they get to the city they are lucky to find a job. Sometimes these jobs pay as little as 80 American dollars a year and can barely support a family. As a result many turn to crime or prostitution to make ends meet. Our worst poverty is generally better than the average people in these third world cities. We will write a custom essay on Urbanization in third world countries specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The people in these cities lack not only those things that are necessary to sustain life- such as food, clean water and adequate sewage. But they also lack those things that we consider to be essential to life such as electricity, running water, and education, forget any of the things that we just have to enjoy, like cars clothes candy drugs television and entertainment. Eventually large slums develop around or inside of the cities, in these slums; large groups of poor and uneducated people end up living together in poverty. The World Bank met in 1999 to address these problems; in their report they write Hundreds of millions of urban poor in the developing and transitional world have few options but to live in squalid, unsafe environments where they face multiple threats to their health and security. Slums and squatter settlements lack the most basic infrastructure and services. Their populations are marginalized and largely disenfranchised. They are exposed to disease, crime and vul nerable to natural disasters. Slums and squatter settlements are growing at alarming rates, projected to double in 25 years So it is projected that the amount of people living in these slums will double, as it stand right now there are a billion poor people in the world, 750,000,000 of which live in urban areas, 750 million people living without adequate shelter and basic services (UN habitat, pg 1) So just how bad are these areas? To quote the World Bank meeting again Slums are neglected parts of cities where housing and living conditions are appallingly poor. Slums range from high density, squalid central city tenements to spontaneous squatter settlements without legal recognition or rights, sprawling at the edge of cities. Some are more than fifty years old, some are land invasions underway. Some have various namesthey do not have:* Basic municipal services-water, sanitation, waste collection, storm drainage, street lighting, paved footpaths, or roads for emergency access* School s and clinics within easy reach, or safe areas for children to play*Places for the community to meet and socializeIt also went on to say that they are only getting worse. Urbanization causes this poverty. Previous to urbanization these peoples were fine, they might have lived under conditions that we deemed poor but they still survived and could provide for the families that they made. Seems to me that whats really going on is that the core countries need resources. We need oil so we can drive, we need coal so we can have nice warm houses, and we need a lot of different things. We need cheap clothes and cheap food and cheaper everything. So we exploit these countries resources, whether it is manpower or some natural resource that they possess and we think we need. We do not end up having to see the negative repercussions of these actions. We complain when things are too expensive but that is about all we have to complain about. If some people have a lot then others have to have a little. Everyone cannot have all of the supposed niceties of life. But if the developed world is going to cause these problems they need to work to fix these problems. This i s what the World Bank meeting was all about, upgrading slums. All of these people have money they can sit around and talk all day about the problems of poverty; they can make action plans to be implemented. But where will the money come from? Their pockets. I doubt it. They expect the countries that they are exploiting to somehow come up with the money to implement these wonderful programs that they have set up. Their plan consists of slum upgrading which means this-Slum upgrading consists of physical, social, economic, and organizational and environmental improvements undertaken cooperatively and locally among citizens, community groups, businesses and local authorities. Actions typically include:*Installing or improving basic infrastructure, e.g. water reticulation, sanitation/waste collection, and rehabilitation of circulation, storm drainage and flood prevention, electricity, security lighting, and public telephones*Removal or mitigation of environmental hazards*Providing incent ives for community management and maintenance*Constructing or rehabilitating community facilities such as nurseries, health posts, community open space*Regulating size of tenureSo basically they propose to fix all of the problems that they state at an earlier time in the report. But they require local governments to pay for the majority of the cost. If areas are so poor that the majority of the people in them can barely find food; where will the money come from?Ive concluded that poverty in urban settings is largely due to the pressure from core countries that is put on the periphery and semi-periphery countries to give up their resources. If they dont give in to Pressure from the core countries then they are called radical nationalists (from class discussion) they are stripped of all of their power by a far superior military then theirs, governments are replaced by better more core friendly people (examples- the Belgian Congo in the 1960s, Panama and Teddy Roosevelt). In order to m ake the people in third world countries something more than low-wage slave labor, something must change. I believe that the problem is forced urbanization. If the core countries were not so worried about the precious resources in the less developed countries they would not deem it necessary to force people off of it. If people were not forced off the land, into the city, the cities would grow at a natural rate. When Urbanization occurs at a natural rate (the United States) Poverty is present but not as magnified. .u7f9524ed962e6188e9bc6b9fee6a0c6d , .u7f9524ed962e6188e9bc6b9fee6a0c6d .postImageUrl , .u7f9524ed962e6188e9bc6b9fee6a0c6d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7f9524ed962e6188e9bc6b9fee6a0c6d , .u7f9524ed962e6188e9bc6b9fee6a0c6d:hover , .u7f9524ed962e6188e9bc6b9fee6a0c6d:visited , .u7f9524ed962e6188e9bc6b9fee6a0c6d:active { border:0!important; } .u7f9524ed962e6188e9bc6b9fee6a0c6d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7f9524ed962e6188e9bc6b9fee6a0c6d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7f9524ed962e6188e9bc6b9fee6a0c6d:active , .u7f9524ed962e6188e9bc6b9fee6a0c6d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7f9524ed962e6188e9bc6b9fee6a0c6d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7f9524ed962e6188e9bc6b9fee6a0c6d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7f9524ed962e6188e9bc6b9fee6a0c6d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7f9524ed962e6188e9bc6b9fee6a0c6d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7f9524ed962e6188e9bc6b9fee6a0c6d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7f9524ed962e6188e9bc6b9fee6a0c6d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7f9524ed962e6188e9bc6b9fee6a0c6d .u7f9524ed962e6188e9bc6b9fee6a0c6d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7f9524ed962e6188e9bc6b9fee6a0c6d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Lord of the Flies Argumentative EssayTruth is that these problems cannot be fixed by anyone. If there are people that have a lot then there are going to be people who have a little. These rules are written in the very laws of nature. The governing powers (companies, world bank, tri-lateral commission) think that if they can just raise these people up to a little bit higher living standards than they will be o.k. But the more you give people, the more they want, its just human nature. Bibliography1.World Bank Group. cities alliance for cities without slums, action plan for moving and upgrading slums. Annual meeting.1999 No authors were given2. United nations human settlemen ts program. urbanization, facts and figures New York, 6-8 of june 20013. another united nations human settlement report, no author no dateWords/ Pages : 1,286 / 24